Part of Career — Role explorer — course sequences live on Learning paths (merged, not duplicated).

Career explorer

Career roles

11 primary roles with responsibilities, skills, projects, roadmap, industry cert prep, interview questions, and portfolio evidence. Learning paths own the course journey — this page owns the job outcome.

One graph links courses → paths → career roles → assigned labs. Roadmap levels are the progression spine; Topics is a searchable index into that spine — not a second curriculum.

SOC Analyst

Monitor, triage, and escalate security alerts in a security operations center.

Responsibilities

  • Triage SIEM alerts and document cases
  • Escalate true positives with evidence
  • Follow runbooks for phishing, malware, and account takeover
  • Tune noisy detections with senior analysts

Required skills

  • Networking & Windows/Linux literacy
  • Log analysis & SIEM queries
  • MITRE ATT&CK mapping
  • Incident response fundamentals

Practical projects

  • Mock SIEM shift: 10 alerts → triage table
  • Phishing investigation write-up with IOCs

Portfolio evidence

  • Redacted ticket write-ups
  • Detection notes mapped to ATT&CK
  • Lab evidence: log hunt + SIEM rule labs

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • Understanding TCP/IP Protocol
  • CIA Triad
  • MITRE ATT&CK Mapping

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

CompTIA Security+ · CompTIA CySA+ · BTL1

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • Walk through how you triage a high-severity alert.
  • How do you reduce false positives without missing attacks?
  • Explain CIA vs authentication vs authorization in one minute.

Security Analyst

Broader defensive analysis — risk, monitoring, and control effectiveness.

Responsibilities

  • Assess risks and control gaps
  • Support vulnerability management cycles
  • Produce security metrics for stakeholders
  • Partner with IT on hardening baselines

Required skills

  • Risk frameworks (basic NIST/ISO awareness)
  • Vulnerability prioritization
  • Reporting & stakeholder communication
  • Security fundamentals + networking

Practical projects

  • Risk register for a sample app (authorized lab)
  • Monthly vuln prioritization memo

Portfolio evidence

  • Risk one-pager
  • Hardening checklist with before/after notes

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • CIA Triad

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

CompTIA Security+ · SSCP

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • How do you prioritize vulnerabilities when everything is Critical?
  • Describe a control you would recommend for credential stuffing.

Penetration Tester

Find and report vulnerabilities in systems you are authorized to test.

Responsibilities

  • Scoped recon and vulnerability discovery
  • Manual validation of findings
  • Clear remediation-focused reporting
  • Retest after fixes

Required skills

  • Networking & Linux
  • Web + AD tradecraft (authorized)
  • Scripting for automation
  • Professional report writing

Practical projects

  • Full lab pentest report (Juice Shop / AD lab)
  • Attack narrative with evidence screenshots

Portfolio evidence

  • Sample pentest report (lab only)
  • Methodology checklist + tools inventory

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • Understanding TCP/IP Protocol
  • OWASP Top 10:2025

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

eJPT · PNPT · OSCP

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • How do you stay in scope during an engagement?
  • Explain the difference between a finding and a risk.

Vulnerability Analyst

Own scanning, triage, and remediation tracking across assets.

Responsibilities

  • Configure and schedule scanners
  • Validate and deduplicate findings
  • Track SLA remediation with owners
  • Report risk trends to leadership

Required skills

  • CVSS & exploitation context
  • Asset inventory literacy
  • Ticketing & SLA workflows
  • Basic scripting for reports

Practical projects

  • Lab scan → validated finding sheet
  • Remediation tracker sample

Portfolio evidence

  • Validated vuln sheet with evidence
  • Trend chart of open vs closed findings

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • OWASP Top 10:2025

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

CompTIA Security+ · CompTIA CySA+

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • When would you accept risk on a Critical CVE?
  • How do you handle false positives from scanners?

Application Security Engineer

Secure software through design reviews, testing, and developer enablement.

Responsibilities

  • Threat model features with engineering
  • SAST/DAST triage and secure coding guidance
  • Secure SDLC checkpoints
  • Partner on authN/authZ design

Required skills

  • OWASP Top 10:2025 fluency
  • Secure coding & code review
  • API security
  • Developer communication

Practical projects

  • Threat model for a sample SaaS feature
  • Secure fix PR notes for an IDOR/XSS lab

Portfolio evidence

  • Threat model diagram
  • Before/after secure coding examples

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • OWASP Top 10:2025

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

CSSLP · OSWE · BSCP

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • How do you introduce AppSec without blocking releases?
  • Walk through fixing an IDOR in an API.

Cloud Security Engineer

Secure identities, networks, and workloads in cloud environments you operate.

Responsibilities

  • IAM least privilege & review
  • CSPM findings triage
  • Logging/monitoring for cloud accounts
  • Container and IaC security baselines

Required skills

  • Shared responsibility model
  • IAM & network security groups
  • IaC security awareness
  • Incident response in cloud

Practical projects

  • Sandbox CSPM report with remediations
  • IAM least-privilege redesign for a lab role

Portfolio evidence

  • CSPM finding → fix notes
  • Network diagram of a hardened lab VPC

Roadmap

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

AWS Security Specialty · AZ-500 · CCSP

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • Explain shared responsibility for S3 data.
  • How do you detect overly permissive IAM?

DFIR Analyst

Investigate incidents, preserve evidence, and reconstruct attacker activity.

Responsibilities

  • Acquire and protect evidence
  • Timeline construction
  • Malware/artifact triage (as scoped)
  • Write incident reports for legal/ops

Required skills

  • OS internals & file systems
  • Memory/disk forensics basics
  • Log correlation
  • Chain of custody awareness

Practical projects

  • Lab timeline from disk/memory artifacts
  • Incident report with ATT&CK mapping

Portfolio evidence

  • Redacted lab timeline
  • Chain-of-custody checklist

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • MITRE ATT&CK Mapping

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

GCFA · GCFE · BTL1

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • How do you preserve volatile evidence?
  • What makes a timeline usable in court or IR?

Threat Intelligence Analyst

Turn threat data into actionable intelligence for defenders.

Responsibilities

  • Collect and validate OSINT/feeds (authorized)
  • Produce actor/TTP briefs
  • Support detection engineering with IOCs
  • Track campaigns relevant to the org

Required skills

  • OSINT ethics & methods
  • STIX/TAXII awareness
  • ATT&CK & reporting
  • Critical thinking / source quality

Practical projects

  • Actor profile brief (public sources only)
  • IOC pack for a lab scenario

Portfolio evidence

  • Intel brief with sources + timestamps
  • OSINT case notes (authorized)

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • MITRE ATT&CK Mapping

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

CompTIA CySA+ · GCTI

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • How do you judge source reliability?
  • When is an IOC actionable vs noise?

Security Engineer

Design, build, and automate security controls across systems.

Responsibilities

  • Implement controls (SSO, logging, WAF, EDR hooks)
  • Automate evidence collection
  • Partner on architecture reviews
  • Improve detection + response tooling

Required skills

  • Networking + scripting
  • Cloud/SaaS security controls
  • Automation (Python/PowerShell)
  • Architecture tradeoffs

Practical projects

  • Automated lab hardening script + docs
  • Detection-as-code sample (Sigma)

Portfolio evidence

  • Automation repo (lab)
  • Architecture decision notes

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • Understanding TCP/IP Protocol

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

CompTIA Security+ · CISSP (later)

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • Describe a control you automated end-to-end.
  • How do you balance security with developer velocity?

GRC Analyst

Governance, risk, and compliance — policies, audits, and evidence.

Responsibilities

  • Map controls to frameworks
  • Collect audit evidence
  • Track exceptions and risks
  • Support vendor / third-party reviews

Required skills

  • Policy literacy
  • Risk assessment
  • Evidence management
  • Clear writing for auditors

Practical projects

  • Control mapping spreadsheet (sample ISO/NIST)
  • Audit evidence pack for a lab control

Portfolio evidence

  • Control map sample
  • Exception request write-up

Roadmap

Shared lessons (content registry)

  • CIA Triad

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

CompTIA Security+ · CISA (later) · ISO lead auditor paths

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • How do you handle a failed control in an audit?
  • Risk acceptance vs remediation — when each?

AI Security Engineer

Secure LLM/agent systems — prompt abuse, data leakage, and agent permissions.

Responsibilities

  • Threat model AI features (RAG, tools, agents)
  • Red-team prompts against authorized apps
  • Guardrails, logging, and abuse monitoring
  • Partner with ML/product on safe defaults

Required skills

  • LLM abuse patterns
  • AppSec + API security
  • Data privacy awareness
  • Evaluation tooling (e.g. garak/promptfoo concepts)

Practical projects

  • RAG threat model + mitigations
  • Prompt abuse test report (lab app)

Portfolio evidence

  • AI threat model
  • Authorized red-team findings with fixes

Roadmap

Industry certification prep

Vendor exams — not CYNARKS Academy completion certificates.

OWASP LLM Top 10 literacy · AppSec certs (OSWE/CSSLP later)

Cert prep hub →

Interview questions

  • How does prompt injection differ from XSS?
  • What permissions should an agent never get by default?